线粒体非折叠蛋白反应对运动性骨骼肌代谢稳态的调节作用

Mitochondrial Unfolded-Protein Response (UPRmt) is a stress response pathway which plays an important role in the exercise-induced metabolic homeostasis of skeletal muscle. Under exercise, hypoxia, oxidative stress, fasting, calcium homeostasis imbalance and muscle stimulation energy stress, mitochondrial matrix accumulates or produces a large number of unfolded or misfolded proteins. UPRmt helps the misfolded protein return to normal protein conformation and assists newly synthesized protein folded properly through the upregulation of the expression of nuclear genes encoded mitochondrial chaperone protein HSP60 and HSP70, thus it facilitates signal transduction from the mitochondria to the nucleus. This process is to ensure the integrity of the mitochondrial function by maintaining the optimal quality and function of the mitochondrial proteins. In addition, exercise can regulate the mitochondrial network structure and function remodeling through the UPRmt pathway to control the mitochondrial quality and to consolidate and optimize the mitochondrial function. This mechanism is important for maintaining the skeletal muscle mass and functional integrity, and the steady-state of skeletal muscle metabolism, thus it is implicated in preventing and treating certain neurodegenerative diseases, muscle dysfunction, obesity and type II diabetes and other metabolic disorders. It also provides a new theoretical basis for the pathological mechanism and preventive measures of the mitochondria related diseases.