A low fouling and high biocompatibility electrochemical sensor based on the electrospun gelatin-PLGA-CNTs nanofibers for dopamine detection in blood

The ability to fabricate resisting nonspecific protein adsorption electrochemical sensor capable of high biocompatibility in vivo will undoubtedly underpin key future developments in life sciences. Herein, a gelatin-poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-carbon nanotubes nanofibers-membrane in three-dimensional porous structure without any chemical crosslinking is constructed on the carbon fiber microelectrode (e-Gelatin-PLGA-CNTs/CFME) using a one-step electrospinning technology. The nanofibers-membrane still presents good three-dimensional porous structure and excellent hydrophily after implantation in BSA solution. In addition, the dopamine hydrochloride (DA) sensitivity at e-Gelatin-PLGA-CNTs/CFME after implantation in human blood samples exhibits almost the same as preimplantation (91% ± 9%, n = 3). Importantly, the nanofibers-membrane possesses fast cell proliferation and a low hemolysis rate (2.27% ± 0.76%), satisfying the required biocompatibility as a constructed material for the detection in vivo. The constructed micro-electrochemical sensor realizes the detection of DA in human blood samples. Consequently, this strategy offers a new and facile platform for the development of implanted electrochemical sensor.