A review of data for compound drought and heatwave stress impacts on crops: current progress, knowledge gaps, and future pathways

Compound drought and heatwave (CDHW) events have shown a marked increase under global warming, posing significant challenges to crop productivity. This review systematically categorizes key input and output datasets utilized across diverse research frameworks that investigate the impacts of CDHW stress on crops. The data are organized across multiple spatial scales—from site-specific and field-level measurements to regional and global assessments—and span various temporal dimensions, including historical records, present conditions, and future projections. These datasets include laboratory experiments, field trials, Earth system observations, statistical records, and model simulations. By employing a structured and integrative approach, this review aims to facilitate efficient data access and utilization for researchers. Ultimately, it supports improved data integration, cross-study comparability, and cross-scale synthesis, thereby advancing the assessment of climate change impacts on agricultural systems.