Achieving net zero carbon building: a review of major stakeholder concerns

The carbon emitted by the building sector presents a significant challenge towards achieving the carbon emission reduction goal. The building sector contributes to about 38% of the global carbon emissions and may increase above 38% if not addressed. Therefore, transitioning into Net Zero Carbon (NZC) in the built environment is crucial and involves the active partnership of the stakeholders. These stakeholders often have a wide range of concerns that can favourably or unfavourably affect the realization of Net Zero Carbon Building (NZCB). The relationship and the effect of these stakeholders’ concerns may result in conflicts that could impede the development of NZCB if they are not critically identified and addressed. Thus, this study systematically reviews relevant articles in the extant literature to identify the key stakeholder concerns towards achieving NZCB. Results obtained from this study revealed 12 stakeholder concerns and further classified them into six major groups according to their uniqueness. The findings of this study will assist NZCB decision-makers in managing stakeholders individually according to their various concerns to expedite the development of NZCB. In addition, the findings of this study will assist in addressing stakeholder partnership barriers such as confusion and disputes that could impede the development of NZCB. The findings of this study could provide insight to the policymakers in developing strategies that could address the stakeholder’s concerns towards the delivery of NZCB.