Advanced dementia

Worldwide there is much evidence to suggest that recognising dementia as a chronic disease through awareness, early diagnosis, good management and research is paramount to providing effective care (Alzheimer’s Australia, 2011a). Dementia is becoming an increasingly burdensome health issue in both Australia and New Zealand. It is associated with a number of diseases characterised by impairment of brain function inclusive of memory, understanding and reasoning (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare [AIHW], 2012). This group of diseases leads to a progressive, incurable decline in cognitive abilities and normal daily functioning which severely limits quality of life (AIHW, 2012). Dementia is also acknowledged as the leading cause of disability in older Australians (Access Economics, 2009).