Anodized nanoporous WO3 Schottky contact structures for hydrogen and ethanol sensing

Rosmalini Ab Kadir; Wei Zhang; Yichao Wang; Jian Zhen Ou; Wojtek Wlodarski; Anthony P. O'Mullane; Gary Bryant; Matthew Taylor; Kourosh Kalantar-zadeh

doi:10.1039/c4ta06286h

Anodized nanoporous WO3 Schottky contact structures for hydrogen and ethanol sensing

Rosmalini Ab Kadir, Wei Zhang, Yichao Wang, Jian Zhen Ou, Wojtek Wlodarski, Anthony P. O'Mullane, Gary Bryant, Matthew Taylor, Kourosh Kalantar-zadeh

Western Sydney University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

This paper reports the development of nanoporous tungsten trioxide (WO3) Schottky diode-based gas sensors. Nanoporous WO3 films were prepared by anodic oxidation of tungsten foil in ethylene glycol mixed with ammonium fluoride and a small amount of water. Anodization resulted in highly ordered WO3 films with a large surface-to-volume ratio. Utilizing these nanoporous structures, Schottky diode-based gas sensors were developed by depositing a platinum (Pt) catalytic contact and tested towards hydrogen gas and ethanol vapour. Analysis of the current-voltage characteristics and dynamic responses of the sensors indicated that these devices exhibited a larger voltage shift in the presence of hydrogen gas compared to ethanol vapour at an optimum operating temperature of 200 degrees C. The gas sensing mechanism was discussed, associating the response to the intercalating H+ species that are generated as a result of hydrogen and ethanol molecule breakdowns onto the Pt/WO3 contact and their spill over into nanoporous WO3.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	7994-8001
Number of pages	8
Journal	Journal of Materials Chemistry A
Volume	3
Issue number	15
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ta06286h
Publication status	Published - 2015

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title = "Anodized nanoporous WO3 Schottky contact structures for hydrogen and ethanol sensing",

abstract = "This paper reports the development of nanoporous tungsten trioxide (WO3) Schottky diode-based gas sensors. Nanoporous WO3 films were prepared by anodic oxidation of tungsten foil in ethylene glycol mixed with ammonium fluoride and a small amount of water. Anodization resulted in highly ordered WO3 films with a large surface-to-volume ratio. Utilizing these nanoporous structures, Schottky diode-based gas sensors were developed by depositing a platinum (Pt) catalytic contact and tested towards hydrogen gas and ethanol vapour. Analysis of the current-voltage characteristics and dynamic responses of the sensors indicated that these devices exhibited a larger voltage shift in the presence of hydrogen gas compared to ethanol vapour at an optimum operating temperature of 200 degrees C. The gas sensing mechanism was discussed, associating the response to the intercalating H+ species that are generated as a result of hydrogen and ethanol molecule breakdowns onto the Pt/WO3 contact and their spill over into nanoporous WO3.",

author = "Kadir, {Rosmalini Ab} and Wei Zhang and Yichao Wang and Ou, {Jian Zhen} and Wojtek Wlodarski and O'Mullane, {Anthony P.} and Gary Bryant and Matthew Taylor and Kourosh Kalantar-zadeh",

year = "2015",

doi = "10.1039/c4ta06286h",

language = "English",

volume = "3",

pages = "7994--8001",

journal = "Journal of Materials Chemistry A",

issn = "2050-7496",

publisher = "Royal Society of Chemistry",

number = "15",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Anodized nanoporous WO3 Schottky contact structures for hydrogen and ethanol sensing

AU - Kadir, Rosmalini Ab

AU - Zhang, Wei

AU - Wang, Yichao

AU - Ou, Jian Zhen

AU - Wlodarski, Wojtek

AU - O'Mullane, Anthony P.

AU - Bryant, Gary

AU - Taylor, Matthew

AU - Kalantar-zadeh, Kourosh

PY - 2015

Y1 - 2015

N2 - This paper reports the development of nanoporous tungsten trioxide (WO3) Schottky diode-based gas sensors. Nanoporous WO3 films were prepared by anodic oxidation of tungsten foil in ethylene glycol mixed with ammonium fluoride and a small amount of water. Anodization resulted in highly ordered WO3 films with a large surface-to-volume ratio. Utilizing these nanoporous structures, Schottky diode-based gas sensors were developed by depositing a platinum (Pt) catalytic contact and tested towards hydrogen gas and ethanol vapour. Analysis of the current-voltage characteristics and dynamic responses of the sensors indicated that these devices exhibited a larger voltage shift in the presence of hydrogen gas compared to ethanol vapour at an optimum operating temperature of 200 degrees C. The gas sensing mechanism was discussed, associating the response to the intercalating H+ species that are generated as a result of hydrogen and ethanol molecule breakdowns onto the Pt/WO3 contact and their spill over into nanoporous WO3.

AB - This paper reports the development of nanoporous tungsten trioxide (WO3) Schottky diode-based gas sensors. Nanoporous WO3 films were prepared by anodic oxidation of tungsten foil in ethylene glycol mixed with ammonium fluoride and a small amount of water. Anodization resulted in highly ordered WO3 films with a large surface-to-volume ratio. Utilizing these nanoporous structures, Schottky diode-based gas sensors were developed by depositing a platinum (Pt) catalytic contact and tested towards hydrogen gas and ethanol vapour. Analysis of the current-voltage characteristics and dynamic responses of the sensors indicated that these devices exhibited a larger voltage shift in the presence of hydrogen gas compared to ethanol vapour at an optimum operating temperature of 200 degrees C. The gas sensing mechanism was discussed, associating the response to the intercalating H+ species that are generated as a result of hydrogen and ethanol molecule breakdowns onto the Pt/WO3 contact and their spill over into nanoporous WO3.

UR - https://hdl.handle.net/1959.7/uws:71522

U2 - 10.1039/c4ta06286h

DO - 10.1039/c4ta06286h

M3 - Article

SN - 2050-7496

SN - 2050-7488

VL - 3

SP - 7994

EP - 8001

JO - Journal of Materials Chemistry A

JF - Journal of Materials Chemistry A

IS - 15

ER -

Anodized nanoporous WO3 Schottky contact structures for hydrogen and ethanol sensing

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