Apparatus for online power transformer winding monitoring using bushing tap injection

Online transformer condition monitoring techniques based on transfer function methods, such as transmission-line diagnostics and swept frequency-response analysis, require the injection of a known test signal into the transformer. On larger power transformers, a practical method is to use the available bushing tap connection. In this paper, we will discuss a custom high-power signal generator that injects high-frequency signals on the bushing tap of the transformer under investigation, as well as a circuit to replace the bushing tap short and allow online operation of the system. Finally, the system is demonstrated on a 650 kV transformer.