Application of vivianite nanoparticle technology for management of heavy metal contamination in wetland and linked mining systems in Mongolia

A demonstration of the feasibility of application of iron phosphate (vivianite) nanoparticle techniques, coupled with phytoremediation, for remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil and water resources is proposed for urban and periurban areas of Ulaanbaatar and also developing mining regions of Mongolia. The work will be followed by more wide spread application of the remediation technique and strengthening of the environmental assessment and analytical capacity of government public health and environmental management agencies. Remediation of metal contaminated soils due to anthropogenic inputs from urban development and mining activity in Mongolia is considered an important issue by the World Health Organization and the Mongolian Government. Such remediation is urgently required within Ulaanbaatar and at sites such in the Zaamar district, Tuv Province, downstream in marshes and mires of the Tuul River and also in the Boroo River catchment. Silt, mud and metals have contaminated large areas as a consequence of large multi-national mining operation, widespread artisanal mining and other unregulated mining activities. The current situation and approaches to be taken are considered.