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Associated molecular and atomic clouds with x-ray shell of superbubble 30 Doradus C in the LMC

  • Y. Yamane
  • , H. Sano
  • , M. D. Filipović
  • , K. Tokuda
  • , K. Fujii
  • , Y. Babazaki
  • , I. Mitsuishi
  • , T. Inoue
  • , F. Aharonian
  • , T. Inaba
  • , S. Inutsuka
  • , N. Maxted
  • , N. Mizuno
  • , T. Onishi
  • , G. Rowell
  • , K. Tsuge
  • , F. Voisin
  • , S. Yoshiike
  • , T. Fukuda
  • , A. Kawamura
  • A. Bamba, K. Tachihara, Y. Fukui

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

10 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

30 Doradus C is a superbubble that emits the brightest non-thermal X- and TeV gamma-rays in the Local Group. To explore the detailed connection between the high-energy radiation and the interstellar medium, we have carried out new CO and Hi observations using the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA), Atacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment, and the Australia Telescope Compact Array with resolutions of up to 3 pc. The ALMA data of 12CO(J = 1-0) emission revealed 23 molecular clouds, with typical diameters of ∼6-12 pc and masses of ∼600-10,000 M o˙. A comparison with the X-rays of XMM-Newton at ∼3 pc resolution shows that X-rays are enhanced toward these clouds. The CO data were combined with the Hi to estimate the total interstellar protons. A comparison of the interstellar proton column density and the X-rays revealed that the X-rays are enhanced with the total proton column density. These are most likely to be caused by the shock-cloud interaction, which is modeled by magnetohydrodynamical simulations (Inoue et al. 2012). We also note a trend for the X-ray photon index to vary with distance from the center of the high-mass star cluster. This suggests that the cosmic-ray electrons are accelerated by one or multiple supernovae in the cluster. Based on these results, we discuss the role of the interstellar medium in cosmic-ray particle acceleration.

Original languageEnglish
Article number36
Number of pages17
JournalAstrophysical Journal
Volume918
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Sept 2021

Bibliographical note

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© 2021. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

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