Cardiac extracellular vesicles in normal and infarcted heart

Dimitry A. Chistiakov, Alexander N. Orekhov, Yuri V. Bobryshev

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    136 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    Heart is a complex assembly of many cell types constituting myocardium, endocardium and epicardium that intensively communicate to each other in order to maintain the proper cardiac function. There are many types of intercellular intracardiac signals, with a prominent role of extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, for long-distant delivering of complex messages. Cardiomyocytes release EVs, whose content could significantly vary depending on the stimulus. In stress, such as hypoxia, inflammation or injury, cardiomyocytes increase secretion of EVs. In hypoxic conditions, cardiac EVs are enriched with angiogenic and prosurvival factors. In acute myocardial infarction (AMI), damaged cardiac muscle cells produce EVs with increased content of angiogenic, anti-apoptotic, mitogenic and growth factors in order to induce repair and healing of the infarcted myocardium. Exosomal microRNAs play a central role in cardiac regeneration. In AMI, circulating cardiac EVs abundantly contain cardiac-specific miRNAs that serve as indicators of cardiac damage and have a big diagnostic potential as AMI biomarkers. Cardioprotective and regenerative properties of exosomes derived from cardiac and non-cardiac stem/progenitor cells are very helpful to be used in cell-free cardiotherapy and regeneration of post-infarct myocardium.
    Original languageEnglish
    Article number63
    Number of pages18
    JournalInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
    Volume17
    Issue number1
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2016

    Open Access - Access Right Statement

    © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons by Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

    Keywords

    • acute myocardial infarction
    • extracellular vesicles
    • heart cells

    Fingerprint

    Dive into the research topics of 'Cardiac extracellular vesicles in normal and infarcted heart'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

    Cite this