TY - JOUR
T1 - Degradation of RAFT polymers in a cyclic ether studied via high resolution ESI-MS : implications for synthesis, storage, and end-group modification
AU - Gruending, Till
AU - Pickford, Russell
AU - Guilhaus, Michael
AU - Barner-Kowollik, Christopher
PY - 2008
Y1 - 2008
N2 - We report on the detailed mass spectrometric analysis of the degradation products generated during storage of poly(methyl methacrylate) (pMMA) and polystyrene (pSty) carrying cumyldithiobenzoate (CDB) endgroups. Samples were stored in either a cyclic ether (tetrahydrofuran) (THF) or an inert solvent (dichloromethane). The degradation process was followed over a period of 4-weeks. Degradation rate of the reversible addition fragmentation (RAFT) polymer strongly depends on the hydroperoxide-content of the solvent. Mass spectrometric evidence supports an unexpected radical degradation mechanism for the pMMA macroRAFT agent. Hydroperoxide functional pMMA was the single product after less than 7 days in high purity THF. No formation of the sulfine/thioester was observed. The identity of the hydroperoxide was unambiguously assigned using accurate mass measurements by Fourier-Transform ion-cyclotron-resonance mass spectrometry together with chemical identification reactions. The hydroperoxide end group formation proceeds efficiently as well as in high yields and thus constitutes a powerful method for end group modification. The degradation pathways of the CDB functional pSty in THF include mainly oxidation towards the sulfine/thioester, with little degradation via thermal elimination of dithiobenzoic acid and subsequent epoxidation. The shelf life of CDB functional polymers is limited even in inert solvent because of this inherent but slow thermal elimination reaction. Because of the short period necessary for the transformation of the functional dithiobenzyl endgroups, substitution of cyclic ethers as solvents for RAFT polymers in synthesis and analysis is strongly suggested.
AB - We report on the detailed mass spectrometric analysis of the degradation products generated during storage of poly(methyl methacrylate) (pMMA) and polystyrene (pSty) carrying cumyldithiobenzoate (CDB) endgroups. Samples were stored in either a cyclic ether (tetrahydrofuran) (THF) or an inert solvent (dichloromethane). The degradation process was followed over a period of 4-weeks. Degradation rate of the reversible addition fragmentation (RAFT) polymer strongly depends on the hydroperoxide-content of the solvent. Mass spectrometric evidence supports an unexpected radical degradation mechanism for the pMMA macroRAFT agent. Hydroperoxide functional pMMA was the single product after less than 7 days in high purity THF. No formation of the sulfine/thioester was observed. The identity of the hydroperoxide was unambiguously assigned using accurate mass measurements by Fourier-Transform ion-cyclotron-resonance mass spectrometry together with chemical identification reactions. The hydroperoxide end group formation proceeds efficiently as well as in high yields and thus constitutes a powerful method for end group modification. The degradation pathways of the CDB functional pSty in THF include mainly oxidation towards the sulfine/thioester, with little degradation via thermal elimination of dithiobenzoic acid and subsequent epoxidation. The shelf life of CDB functional polymers is limited even in inert solvent because of this inherent but slow thermal elimination reaction. Because of the short period necessary for the transformation of the functional dithiobenzyl endgroups, substitution of cyclic ethers as solvents for RAFT polymers in synthesis and analysis is strongly suggested.
KW - electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
KW - polymerization
UR - http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/505476
M3 - Article
SN - 0887-624X
VL - 46
SP - 7447
EP - 7461
JO - Journal of Polymer Science. Part A\, Polymer Chemistry
JF - Journal of Polymer Science. Part A\, Polymer Chemistry
IS - 22
ER -