Abstract
Background/Aims: Levodopa and dopamine agonists have different effects on the motor, cognitive, and psychiatric aspects of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: Using a computational model of basal ganglia (BG) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) dopamine, we provide a theoretical synthesis of the dissociable effects of these dopaminergic medications on brain and cognition. Our model incorporates the findings that levodopa is converted by dopamine cells into dopamine, and thus activates prefrontal and striatal D1 and D2 dopamine receptors, whereas antiparkinsonian dopamine agonists directly stimulate D2 receptors in the BG and PFC (although some have weak affinity to D1 receptors). Results: In agreement with prior neuropsychological studies, our model explains how levodopa enhances, but dopamine agonists impair or have no effect on, stimulus-response learning and working memory. Conclusion: Our model explains how levodopa and dopamine agonists have differential effects on motor and cognitive processes in PD.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 102-111 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | Neurodegenerative Diseases |
Volume | 11 |
Issue number | 2 |
Publication status | Published - 2012 |
Keywords
- Parkinson's disease
- basal ganglia
- dopa
- dopamine agonists
- prefrontal cortex
- short, term memory