Distributed hybrid control for heterogeneous multiagent systems with variable communication delays and its application to DC microgrids

This article aims to address the multiobjective scaled consensus problem for a class of heterogeneous multiagent systems (MASs) with communication delays: 1) a distributed hybrid control strategy is proposed which only requires local communication between neighbors to solve the consensus problem; 2) in order to overcome the technical difficulties caused by communication delays, a novel augmentation method is presented to model the error system with communication delays as a delay-free error system. A switching-based time-varying Lyapunov function is introduced to deal with switching impulses of the augmented system; 3) as an application of the proposed distributed control scheme, a new algorithm for designing the hybrid secondary control of the DC microgrid against communication delays is derived; and 4) the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is illustrated by numerical examples and several case studies in islanded DC microgrid.