'Donor-matching' in third-party reproduction : a comparative analysis of law and practice in europe

Medically assisted reproduction is of significant public and policy interest across Europe. Where use of donor gametes (eggs, sperm, or embryos) is required, some people may employ 'donor-matching', which seeks to establish phenotypic similarity between gamete donors and recipient(s). This article examines donor-matching focusing on methods used to match donors and recipients, reasons for its use, and laws and practices across several European jurisdictions. The discussion is informed by examination of relevant literature, regulatory instruments, and consultation with practitioners and experts, and aims to inform wider theoretical and policy debates. Differences in practice and issues that arise across jurisdictions are highlighted. That donor-matching has the potential to be used by people born as a result of third-party reproduction to identify their donor is also discussed. The authors conclude that the use of donor-matching raises complex issues for recipients and donor-conceived people alike, which must be considered when contemplating its use and regulation.