Effect of vanadium on growth, photosynthesis, reactive oxygen species, antioxidant enzymes, and cell death of rice

Muhammad Mohsin Altaf, Xiao-ping Diao, Atique ur Rehman, Muhammad Imtiaz, Awais Shakoor, Muhammad Ahsan Altaf, Haseeb Younis, Pengcheng Fu, Muhammad Usman Ghani

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

45 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Vanadium (V) as minor concentration is present in various plants and extensively found in soils. The current study was established to assess the response of rice seedlings to different V concentrations and also investigated its toxic effect on growth, photosynthetic assimilation, relative chlorophyll content, SPAD index, ion leakage, enzyme activities, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and cell death. The rice seeds were sown in Petri dishes for 8 days, and after that, rice seedlings were grown hydroponically in a climate-controlled growth chamber. After 15 days of V-treatment, antioxidant enzyme activities, H2O2, protein contents, photosynthetic assimilation, relative chlorophyll content, and cell death were determined by utilizing the Spectrophotometer (Lambda 25 UV/VIS Spectrophotometer), and V accumulation (roots and shoots) was determined by GFAAS (GTA 120). The obtained results showed that all V concentrations significantly decreased the biomass (dry and fresh) and root growth as a result of the reduction in total root length, root tips, root fork, root surface area, and root crossing, and V was more accumulated in roots than shoots. Besides this, enzymatic activities were significantly enhanced under V stress. The findings also confirmed that seedling exposed to V stress had lower tolerance indices, photosynthetic activity, and protein contents while the ion leakage was consistently increased by increasing the V concentrations. The viability of plant cells severely damaged in response to high V stress, and H2O2 induction might be responsible for cell death. Generally, all V doses had a drastic effect on enzyme activities and caused cell death of rice plans. Moreover, the current study demonstrated that V ≥ 35 mg L−1 caused damaging effects on rice plants.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)2643-2656
Number of pages14
JournalJournal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
Volume20
Issue number4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2020

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