TY - JOUR
T1 - Efficacy of dietary supplements containing isolated organic compounds for weight loss : a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo-controlled trials
AU - Bessell, Erica
AU - Maunder, Alison
AU - Lauche, Romy
AU - Adams, Jon
AU - Sainsbury, Amanda
AU - Fuller, Nicholas R.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Background/Objectives - A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to synthesise evidence on the efficacy of dietary supplements containing isolated organic compounds for weight loss. Subjects/Methods - Four electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cinahl) were searched until December 2019. Sixty-seven randomised placebo-controlled trials of dietary supplements containing isolated organic compounds for weight loss were included. Meta-analyses were conducted for chitosan, glucomannan, conjugated linoleic acid and fructans, comparing mean weight difference post-intervention between participants receiving the dietary supplement or placebo. Results - Statistically significant weight differences compared to placebo were observed for chitosan (−1.84 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI] −2.79, −0.88; p < 0.01), glucomannan (−1.27 kg; 95%CI −2.45, −0.09; p = 0.04), and conjugated linoleic acid (−1.08 kg; 95%CI −1.61, −0.55; p < 0.01). None met our threshold for clinical significance (≥2.5 kg). There was no statistically significant effect on weight for fructans compared to placebo (p = 0.24). For dietary supplements with an inadequate number of trials for meta-analysis, a statistically and borderline clinically significant weight difference compared to placebo was found for modified cellulose, manno-oligosaccharides (in males), blood orange juice extract, and three multiple-ingredient dietary supplements. These were only reported in one trial of each. Thus, more evidence is needed before recommending them for weight loss. Conclusions - While some dietary supplements containing isolated organic compounds warrant further investigation to determine efficacy and safety, there is currently insufficient evidence to recommend any of these dietary supplements for weight loss.
AB - Background/Objectives - A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to synthesise evidence on the efficacy of dietary supplements containing isolated organic compounds for weight loss. Subjects/Methods - Four electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cinahl) were searched until December 2019. Sixty-seven randomised placebo-controlled trials of dietary supplements containing isolated organic compounds for weight loss were included. Meta-analyses were conducted for chitosan, glucomannan, conjugated linoleic acid and fructans, comparing mean weight difference post-intervention between participants receiving the dietary supplement or placebo. Results - Statistically significant weight differences compared to placebo were observed for chitosan (−1.84 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI] −2.79, −0.88; p < 0.01), glucomannan (−1.27 kg; 95%CI −2.45, −0.09; p = 0.04), and conjugated linoleic acid (−1.08 kg; 95%CI −1.61, −0.55; p < 0.01). None met our threshold for clinical significance (≥2.5 kg). There was no statistically significant effect on weight for fructans compared to placebo (p = 0.24). For dietary supplements with an inadequate number of trials for meta-analysis, a statistically and borderline clinically significant weight difference compared to placebo was found for modified cellulose, manno-oligosaccharides (in males), blood orange juice extract, and three multiple-ingredient dietary supplements. These were only reported in one trial of each. Thus, more evidence is needed before recommending them for weight loss. Conclusions - While some dietary supplements containing isolated organic compounds warrant further investigation to determine efficacy and safety, there is currently insufficient evidence to recommend any of these dietary supplements for weight loss.
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/1959.7/uws:59729
U2 - 10.1038/s41366-021-00839-w
DO - 10.1038/s41366-021-00839-w
M3 - Article
SN - 1476-5497
SN - 0307-0565
VL - 45
SP - 1631
EP - 1643
JO - International Journal of Obesity
JF - International Journal of Obesity
IS - 8
ER -