TY - JOUR
T1 - Ethnic differences in risk of renal disease progression amongst young-onset type 2 diabetes in New Zealand
AU - Perera, Kanchana
AU - Baker, John
AU - Jayanatha, Kalpa
AU - Pickering, Karen
AU - Cutfield, Richard
AU - Orr-Walker, Brandon
AU - Sundborn, Gerhard
AU - Heroy, Andrew
AU - ScM, Thomas Arnold
AU - Yu, Dahai
AU - Simmons, David
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 The Author(s)
PY - 2026/1
Y1 - 2026/1
N2 - Aim: Māori and Pacific adults in New Zealand (NZ) with type 2 diabetes are at high risk of Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD). This study assessed whether the same was true in young-onset type 2 diabetes. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of young adults 18–40 years enrolled in a (1994–2018) NZ primary care cohort. DKD risk was classified as minimal or elevated using Urine Albumin-Creatinine Ratio (UACR) and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), with hyperfiltration (eGFR ≥ 120 mL/min/1.73 m2) considered an early marker. Logistic regression identified predictors of elevated DKD risk. Results: Among 2,184 participants (46 % Pacific people, 31 % Māori, 23 % NZ European: 54 % female, mean age 33.9 ± 4.9 years, mean BMI 38.0 ± 8.7 kg/m2, diabetes duration 1.7 years), elevated DKD risk was more common in Pacific People (37.4 %) and Māori (33.5 %) than NZE (23.3 %; p < 0.001) with adjusted odds ratio (vs NZE) of 1.96 (95 % CI: 1.50–2.57) and 1.41 (1.06–1.87) respectively. Māori had less risk than Pasifika (odds ratio 0.72 (0.58–0.89)). Independent predictors of DKD risk included ethnicity, triglyceride-HDL ratio, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive use, and HbA1c: BMI was not significant. Conclusions: Pacific and Māori with young-onset type 2 diabetes face a disproportionately higher DKD risk.
AB - Aim: Māori and Pacific adults in New Zealand (NZ) with type 2 diabetes are at high risk of Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD). This study assessed whether the same was true in young-onset type 2 diabetes. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of young adults 18–40 years enrolled in a (1994–2018) NZ primary care cohort. DKD risk was classified as minimal or elevated using Urine Albumin-Creatinine Ratio (UACR) and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), with hyperfiltration (eGFR ≥ 120 mL/min/1.73 m2) considered an early marker. Logistic regression identified predictors of elevated DKD risk. Results: Among 2,184 participants (46 % Pacific people, 31 % Māori, 23 % NZ European: 54 % female, mean age 33.9 ± 4.9 years, mean BMI 38.0 ± 8.7 kg/m2, diabetes duration 1.7 years), elevated DKD risk was more common in Pacific People (37.4 %) and Māori (33.5 %) than NZE (23.3 %; p < 0.001) with adjusted odds ratio (vs NZE) of 1.96 (95 % CI: 1.50–2.57) and 1.41 (1.06–1.87) respectively. Māori had less risk than Pasifika (odds ratio 0.72 (0.58–0.89)). Independent predictors of DKD risk included ethnicity, triglyceride-HDL ratio, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive use, and HbA1c: BMI was not significant. Conclusions: Pacific and Māori with young-onset type 2 diabetes face a disproportionately higher DKD risk.
KW - Diabetic kidney disease
KW - HbA
KW - Microalbuminuria
KW - Systolic blood pressure
KW - Type 2 diabetes mellitus
KW - Young-onset diabetes
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=105024869451&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.diabres.2025.113018
DO - 10.1016/j.diabres.2025.113018
M3 - Article
C2 - 41297857
AN - SCOPUS:105024869451
SN - 0168-8227
VL - 231
JO - Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
JF - Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
M1 - 113018
ER -