Examining intentional knowing among secondary school students : through the lens of metacognition

In this study, we examine intentional knowing through the lens of metacognition. Learners are not just active in their construction of meaning, but they can also be intentional. This would mean that they are cognitively engaged in the learning process, monitoring and regulating their learning. To learn intentionally, students must consciously understand and be able to define their strengths and weaknesses, their learning processes, how they examine the way they execute learning tasks, monitor learning, evaluate learning, and whether they innovate in order to learn intentionally. The two main purposes of this study are to examine whether the IKIS (revised MAI) is able to provide a six-factor solution to explain intentional knowing and to predict the influences of age and intellectual ability on students' intentional knowing. This study involved 732 secondary school students, and several statistical analyses such as exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were performed. A six-factor solution was generated and the implications of this study are discussed.