Experiences and support for caregivers of infants and young children: 2019–20 bushfires

During emergencies, infants and young children are vulnerable. However, Australia lacks emergency planning and guidance specifically addressing the needs of these children and their caregivers. A total of 256 caregivers (predominately mothers) of children aged 0-4 years were surveyed or interviewed about their experiences during and after the summer bushfires in Australia in 2019-20. In addition, 63 emergency responders were surveyed or interviewed regarding their experiences supporting families with young children, including during the 2019-20 bushfires. Analysis of the surveys and interviews revealed parents were under prepared for the bushfires and preparedness was hampered by a lack of tailored guidance for families. Evacuations were often delayed due to lack of planning and were complicated because of the continuing care needs of children. Evacuation centres presented numerous child-safety risks and women who evacuated on their own particularly struggled to care for their children. Parenting children after the bushfires could be challenging and reports of child behaviour difficulties suggest the effects of the emergency on parents had adverse affects on children. Recovery interventions largely overlooked children younger than school age. Caregivers of infants and young children require targeted preparedness, response and recovery support. This research provides evidence to inform planning and to guide development.