Heat health in general practice: An evidence-based approach to the prevention of heat-related illness

Background The year 2023 was the hottest on record, with heatwaves becoming more frequent and severe due to climate change. Extreme heat is the deadliest climate-related event, causing significant morbidity and mortality globally. Vulnerable groups include older people, young children and pregnant women. Objective This paper aims to equip general practitioners (GPs) with evidence-based strategies to prevent and mitigate heat-related illnesses. It identifies at-risk populations through life stage analysis and advocates for effective adaptation and mitigation strategies. Discussion This paper highlights essential practice points for GPs and discusses the expanding evidence on heat-related health impacts, including direct effects like heat stress and indirect effects such as exacerbation of chronic diseases. The importance of cooling strategies and heat action plans are emphasised while advocating for systemic changes to address the root causes of heat-related health risks.