Identifying common conditions of pregnancy for women, including women from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, at an Australian hospital: a survey

Problem: Research that explores the prevalence and range of treatments sought for common conditions of pregnancy is limited, particularly for culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) women. Background: During pregnancy, physical and psychological conditions affect participation in the home, workplace, and community. However, treatment options may be limited, particularly for CALD women. Aim: To establish the prevalence of physical and psychological conditions experienced during pregnancy, and ascertain treatments options sought by women attending a hospital in a multicultural area of Sydney (Australia), including medical, allied health and complementary medicines. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of pregnant women attending an outpatient antenatal clinic (July-December 2019). The survey was conducted in the most common language groups, English, Arabic and traditional Chinese (inclusive of Cantonese and Mandarin). Univariate and bivariate analysis was conducted. Findings: A total of 154 women participated. CALD women most frequently reported lower-back pain (41.5 %), constipation (34 %), nausea (28 %), and anxiety (7.5 %). English-speaking women reported lower-back pain (43.5 %), difficulty sleeping (37 %), severe tiredness (35 %), and anxiety (15.8 %), and were more likely to seek treatment (p < 0.01). Practitioners most consulted were massage therapists, physiotherapists, community nurses and counsellors. Doctors were least consulted overall. Conclusions: Pregnant women most commonly reported lower-back pain, however conditions were reported and treated less frequently by CALD women, including psychological conditions. It is vital that women can access hospital-based treatment for common physical and psychological conditions of pregnancy. The implication for clinicians is to establish routine asking, adequate care provision and referral to culturally safe and appropriate services.