TY - JOUR
T1 - Implementing resistance training in secondary schools : a cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
AU - Kennedy, Sarah G.
AU - Smith, Jordan J.
AU - Morgan, Philip J.
AU - Peralta, Louisa R.
AU - Hilland, Toni A.
AU - Eather, Narelle
AU - Lonsdale, Chris
AU - Okely, Anthony D.
AU - Plotnikoff, Ronald C.
AU - Salmon, Jo
AU - Dewar, Deborah L.
AU - Estabrooks, Paul A.
AU - Pollock, Emma
AU - Finn, Tara L.
AU - Lubans, David R.
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - Purpose: Guidelines recommend that young people engage in muscle-strengthening activities on at least 3 d∙wkj-1. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a school-based intervention focused on resistance training (RT) for adolescents. Methods: The ‘‘Resistance Training for Teens’’ intervention was evaluated using a cluster-randomized, controlled trial with 607 adolescents (50.1% girls; 14.1 ± 0.5 yr) from 16 secondary schools. Teachers were trained to deliver the intervention, which included the following: (i) an interactive student seminar; (ii) a structured physical activity program, focused on RT; (iii) lunchtime fitness sessions; and (iv) Web-based smartphone apps. The primary outcome was muscular fitness (MF) and secondary outcomes included body mass index, RT skill competency, flexibility, physical activity, self-efficacy, and motivation. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 6 months (postprogram; primary end point), and 12 months (follow-up). Outcomes were assessed using linear mixed models, with three potential moderators tested using interaction terms (and subgroup analyses where appropriate). Results: For the primary outcome (MF), a group–time effect was observed at 6 months for the upper body (2.0 repetitions; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.8–3.2), but not the lower body (-1.4 cm; 95% CI, -4.7–1.9). At 6 months, there were intervention effects for RT skill competency and self-efficacy, but no other secondary outcomes. Effects for upper body MF and RT skill competency were sustained at 12 months. Despite overall no effect for body mass index, there was a group–time effect at 12 months among students who were overweight/obese at baseline (-0.55 kg∙m-2 ; 95% CI, -1.01 to -0.08). Conclusions: The school-based RT intervention resulted in immediate and sustained improvements in upper body MF and RT skill competency, demonstrating an effective and scalable approach to delivering RT within secondary schools.
AB - Purpose: Guidelines recommend that young people engage in muscle-strengthening activities on at least 3 d∙wkj-1. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a school-based intervention focused on resistance training (RT) for adolescents. Methods: The ‘‘Resistance Training for Teens’’ intervention was evaluated using a cluster-randomized, controlled trial with 607 adolescents (50.1% girls; 14.1 ± 0.5 yr) from 16 secondary schools. Teachers were trained to deliver the intervention, which included the following: (i) an interactive student seminar; (ii) a structured physical activity program, focused on RT; (iii) lunchtime fitness sessions; and (iv) Web-based smartphone apps. The primary outcome was muscular fitness (MF) and secondary outcomes included body mass index, RT skill competency, flexibility, physical activity, self-efficacy, and motivation. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 6 months (postprogram; primary end point), and 12 months (follow-up). Outcomes were assessed using linear mixed models, with three potential moderators tested using interaction terms (and subgroup analyses where appropriate). Results: For the primary outcome (MF), a group–time effect was observed at 6 months for the upper body (2.0 repetitions; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.8–3.2), but not the lower body (-1.4 cm; 95% CI, -4.7–1.9). At 6 months, there were intervention effects for RT skill competency and self-efficacy, but no other secondary outcomes. Effects for upper body MF and RT skill competency were sustained at 12 months. Despite overall no effect for body mass index, there was a group–time effect at 12 months among students who were overweight/obese at baseline (-0.55 kg∙m-2 ; 95% CI, -1.01 to -0.08). Conclusions: The school-based RT intervention resulted in immediate and sustained improvements in upper body MF and RT skill competency, demonstrating an effective and scalable approach to delivering RT within secondary schools.
UR - https://hdl.handle.net/1959.7/uws:60263
U2 - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001410
DO - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001410
M3 - Article
SN - 0195-9131
VL - 50
SP - 62
EP - 72
JO - Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
JF - Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
IS - 1
ER -