Influence of bond defects on coiling of graphite

Adriyan S. Milev; Nguyen H. Tran; Kamali Kannangara; Michael A. Wilson

Influence of bond defects on coiling of graphite

Adriyan S. Milev, Nguyen H. Tran, Kamali Kannangara, Michael A. Wilson

School of Science

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20 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The effect of annealing at 1400 Ãƒ"šÃ‚Â°C in argon on the bond structure of graphite ball milled for 100 h at 400 rpm in polar (water) and in non-polar (n-dodecane) liquids was investigated primarily by near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Carbon K-edge NEXAFS allows the distortion of bonds in the hexagonal lattice to be investigated. It is shown that in-plane sp2 bonds are strained and distorted after ball milling because sp3 bonds are introduced. Not surprisingly, annealing of the milled product restores sp2 bonds but at the same time, coiling and formation of tube-like structures takes place. It is well established that graphite is not formed on annealing, and hence the results shown here demonstrate that the loss of sp3 carbons on annealing must proceed via a different mechanism by which they are formed by milling.

Original language	English
Number of pages	5
Journal	Science and Technology of Advanced Materials
Publication status	Published - 2006

Keywords

annealing
bond structure
carbon NEXAFS
coiling
graphite
milling

Cite this

@article{67d4ec4110be47f7a6380f702a874177,

title = "Influence of bond defects on coiling of graphite",

abstract = "The effect of annealing at 1400 {\~A}ƒ{"}{\v s}{\~A}‚{\^A}°C in argon on the bond structure of graphite ball milled for 100 h at 400 rpm in polar (water) and in non-polar (n-dodecane) liquids was investigated primarily by near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Carbon K-edge NEXAFS allows the distortion of bonds in the hexagonal lattice to be investigated. It is shown that in-plane sp2 bonds are strained and distorted after ball milling because sp3 bonds are introduced. Not surprisingly, annealing of the milled product restores sp2 bonds but at the same time, coiling and formation of tube-like structures takes place. It is well established that graphite is not formed on annealing, and hence the results shown here demonstrate that the loss of sp3 carbons on annealing must proceed via a different mechanism by which they are formed by milling.",

keywords = "annealing, bond structure, carbon NEXAFS, coiling, graphite, milling",

author = "Milev, {Adriyan S.} and Tran, {Nguyen H.} and Kamali Kannangara and Wilson, {Michael A.}",

year = "2006",

language = "English",

journal = "Science and Technology of Advanced Materials",

issn = "1468-6996",

publisher = "Taylor & Francis",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Influence of bond defects on coiling of graphite

AU - Milev, Adriyan S.

AU - Tran, Nguyen H.

AU - Kannangara, Kamali

AU - Wilson, Michael A.

PY - 2006

Y1 - 2006

N2 - The effect of annealing at 1400 Ãƒ"šÃ‚Â°C in argon on the bond structure of graphite ball milled for 100 h at 400 rpm in polar (water) and in non-polar (n-dodecane) liquids was investigated primarily by near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Carbon K-edge NEXAFS allows the distortion of bonds in the hexagonal lattice to be investigated. It is shown that in-plane sp2 bonds are strained and distorted after ball milling because sp3 bonds are introduced. Not surprisingly, annealing of the milled product restores sp2 bonds but at the same time, coiling and formation of tube-like structures takes place. It is well established that graphite is not formed on annealing, and hence the results shown here demonstrate that the loss of sp3 carbons on annealing must proceed via a different mechanism by which they are formed by milling.

AB - The effect of annealing at 1400 Ãƒ"šÃ‚Â°C in argon on the bond structure of graphite ball milled for 100 h at 400 rpm in polar (water) and in non-polar (n-dodecane) liquids was investigated primarily by near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Carbon K-edge NEXAFS allows the distortion of bonds in the hexagonal lattice to be investigated. It is shown that in-plane sp2 bonds are strained and distorted after ball milling because sp3 bonds are introduced. Not surprisingly, annealing of the milled product restores sp2 bonds but at the same time, coiling and formation of tube-like structures takes place. It is well established that graphite is not formed on annealing, and hence the results shown here demonstrate that the loss of sp3 carbons on annealing must proceed via a different mechanism by which they are formed by milling.

KW - annealing

KW - bond structure

KW - carbon NEXAFS

KW - coiling

KW - graphite

KW - milling

UR - http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/10453

M3 - Article

SN - 1468-6996

JO - Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

JF - Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

ER -

Influence of bond defects on coiling of graphite

Abstract

Keywords

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