Insight in the prediction of chemotherapy-induced nausea

The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for chemotherapy-related nausea. We examined risk factors for nausea in 1,696 patients from three multicenter studies conducted from 1998 to 2004. All patients were beginning a chemotherapy regimen containing cisplatin, carboplatin, or doxorubicin. Nausea was assessed on a 1–7 scale four times a day for 4 days by diary. First, average nausea for breast cancer patients receiving doxorubicin (mean=2.31) was significantly greater than for other patients receiving doxorubicin (mean=1.82), patients receiving cisplatin (mean=1.88), and patients receiving carboplatin (mean=1.45), Ps<0.01. Second, mean nausea decreased steadily with age, P<0.0001. Third, patients rating themselves more susceptible to nausea had significantly more nausea (adjusted mean=2.51) than patients rating themselves less susceptible (adjusted mean=1.92) and were 2.8 times more likely to experience severe nausea, Ps<0.0001. Fourth, expected nausea was a significant predictor of average nausea, P=0.034, but not severe nausea, P=0.31. Last, no evidence that gender is a significant predictor of nausea in 299 patients with gender neutral cancers, P=0.35. Specific patient characteristics, especially younger age and perceived susceptibility to nausea, can help clinicians in the early identification of patients who are more susceptible to treatment-related nausea.