Joyful Learning in rural Indian primary schools : an analysis of social control in the context of child-centred discourses

Efforts to improve the ââ"šÂ¬Ã‹Å“qualityââ"šÂ¬Ã¢"žÂ¢ of education for all in government primary schools in India have seen a shift towards child-centred teaching. This paper examines the ââ"šÂ¬Ã‹Å“Joyful Learningââ"šÂ¬Ã¢"žÂ¢ programme, an example of a pedagogic reform implemented in rural primary schools in the southern Indian state of Karnataka. Through an empirical analysis of teachersââ"šÂ¬Ã¢"žÂ¢ pedagogic discourses, I explore what it means to introduce child-centred pedagogic principles in low-income, rural Indian contexts. Of particular interest to this paper is how new forms of pedagogic control in child centred approaches might be understood and mediated by teachers. The analysis reveals how the social controls of knowledge acquisition can remain unchallenged, and hidden, by the rhetoric of this child-centred pedagogy. The discussions reflect on the need for more complex and contextual considerations of pedagogy in attempts to achieve ââ"šÂ¬Ã‹Å“qualityââ"šÂ¬Ã¢"žÂ¢ universal education.