Mesh contraction: Myth or reality?

Objective Mesh implants are widely used in surgery for female pelvic organ prolapse. Mesh shrinkage is thought to be common and caused by immunological processes. In this longitudinal study, we examined mesh dimensions at 2 time points after implantation. Study Design We analyzed translabial 4-dimensional ultrasound (US) volume datasets of women seen 3-52 months after anterior compartment mesh. Datasets of first and last postoperative appointments were analyzed, with the operator blinded against all other data. Results Forty women were assessed at least twice, comprising 59.6 woman-years. Thirty-seven of 40 (93%) were satisfied at their last appointment. Eighteen of 40 considered themselves cured, and 18 of 40 felt improved. Objective recurrence (cystocele stage 2 or greater) was seen in 16 of 40. Midsagittal mesh length increased significantly (35.8 vs 32.7; P = .006), and coronal mesh diameters increased nonsignificantly (37.4 vs 36.6 mm; P = .44). Conclusion Over an observation period of almost 60 woman-years, we found no evidence of mesh contraction.