Pathophysiology of major depression by clinical stages

Ana Cecília de Menezes Galvão; Raíssa Nobrega Almeida; Geovan Menezes de Sousa; Mario André Leocadio-Miguel; Fernanda Palhano-Fontes; Dráulio Barros de Araujo; Bruno Lobão-Soares; João Paulo Maia-de-Oliveira; Emerson Arcoverde Nunes; Jaime Eduardo Cecilio Hallak; Felipe Barreto Schuch; Jerome Sarris; Nicole Leite Galvão-Coelho

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.641779

Pathophysiology of major depression by clinical stages

Ana Cecília de Menezes Galvão, Raíssa Nobrega Almeida, Geovan Menezes de Sousa, Mario André Leocadio-Miguel, Fernanda Palhano-Fontes, Dráulio Barros de Araujo, Bruno Lobão-Soares, João Paulo Maia-de-Oliveira, Emerson Arcoverde Nunes, Jaime Eduardo Cecilio Hallak, Felipe Barreto Schuch, Jerome Sarris, Nicole Leite Galvão-Coelho

Western Sydney University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

17 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The comprehension of the pathophysiology of the major depressive disorder (MDD) is essential to the strengthening of precision psychiatry. In order to determine the relationship between the pathophysiology of the MDD and its clinical progression, analyzed by severity of the depressive symptoms and sleep quality, we conducted a study assessing different peripheral molecular biomarkers, including the levels of plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), serum mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF), serum cortisol (SC), and salivary cortisol awakening response (CAR), of patients with MDD (n = 58) and a control group of healthy volunteers (n = 62). Patients with the first episode of MDD (n = 30) had significantly higher levels of CAR and SC than controls (n = 32) and similar levels of mBDNF of controls. Patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD, n = 28) presented significantly lower levels of SC and CAR, and higher levels of mBDNF and CRP than controls (n = 30). An increased severity of depressive symptoms and worse sleep quality were correlated with levels low of SC and CAR, and with high levels of mBDNF. These results point out a strong relationship between the stages clinical of MDD and changes in a range of relevant biological markers. This can assist in the development of precision psychiatry and future research on the biological tests for depression.

Original language	English
Article number	641779
Number of pages	12
Journal	Frontiers in Psychology
Volume	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.641779
Publication status	Published - 2021

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© 2021 de Menezes Galvão, Almeida, de Sousa, Leocadio-Miguel, Palhano-Fontes, de Araujo, Lobão-Soares, Maia-de-Oliveira, Nunes, Hallak, Schuch, Sarris and Galvão-Coelho. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Galvão, A. C. D. M., Almeida, R. N., de Sousa, G. M., Leocadio-Miguel, M. A., Palhano-Fontes, F., Araujo, D. B. D., Lobão-Soares, B., Maia-de-Oliveira, J. P., Nunes, E. A., Hallak, J. E. C., Schuch, F. B., Sarris, J., & Galvão-Coelho, N. L. (2021). Pathophysiology of major depression by clinical stages. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, Article 641779. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.641779

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abstract = "The comprehension of the pathophysiology of the major depressive disorder (MDD) is essential to the strengthening of precision psychiatry. In order to determine the relationship between the pathophysiology of the MDD and its clinical progression, analyzed by severity of the depressive symptoms and sleep quality, we conducted a study assessing different peripheral molecular biomarkers, including the levels of plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), serum mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF), serum cortisol (SC), and salivary cortisol awakening response (CAR), of patients with MDD (n = 58) and a control group of healthy volunteers (n = 62). Patients with the first episode of MDD (n = 30) had significantly higher levels of CAR and SC than controls (n = 32) and similar levels of mBDNF of controls. Patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD, n = 28) presented significantly lower levels of SC and CAR, and higher levels of mBDNF and CRP than controls (n = 30). An increased severity of depressive symptoms and worse sleep quality were correlated with levels low of SC and CAR, and with high levels of mBDNF. These results point out a strong relationship between the stages clinical of MDD and changes in a range of relevant biological markers. This can assist in the development of precision psychiatry and future research on the biological tests for depression.",

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AU - Leocadio-Miguel, Mario André

AU - Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda

AU - Araujo, Dráulio Barros de

AU - Lobão-Soares, Bruno

AU - Maia-de-Oliveira, João Paulo

AU - Nunes, Emerson Arcoverde

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AU - Galvão-Coelho, Nicole Leite

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AB - The comprehension of the pathophysiology of the major depressive disorder (MDD) is essential to the strengthening of precision psychiatry. In order to determine the relationship between the pathophysiology of the MDD and its clinical progression, analyzed by severity of the depressive symptoms and sleep quality, we conducted a study assessing different peripheral molecular biomarkers, including the levels of plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), serum mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF), serum cortisol (SC), and salivary cortisol awakening response (CAR), of patients with MDD (n = 58) and a control group of healthy volunteers (n = 62). Patients with the first episode of MDD (n = 30) had significantly higher levels of CAR and SC than controls (n = 32) and similar levels of mBDNF of controls. Patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD, n = 28) presented significantly lower levels of SC and CAR, and higher levels of mBDNF and CRP than controls (n = 30). An increased severity of depressive symptoms and worse sleep quality were correlated with levels low of SC and CAR, and with high levels of mBDNF. These results point out a strong relationship between the stages clinical of MDD and changes in a range of relevant biological markers. This can assist in the development of precision psychiatry and future research on the biological tests for depression.

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SN - 1664-1078

VL - 12

JO - Frontiers in Psychology

JF - Frontiers in Psychology

M1 - 641779

ER -

Pathophysiology of major depression by clinical stages

Abstract

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