TY - JOUR
T1 - Quality and safety of Chinese herbal medicines guided by a systems biology perspective
AU - Wang, Jiangshan
AU - Van Der Heijden, Rob
AU - Spruit, Shannon
AU - Hankermeier, Thomas
AU - Chan, Kelvin
AU - Van Der Greef, Jan
AU - Xu, Guowang
AU - Wang, Mei
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - Chinese herbal medicines, often referred as Chinese materia medica (CMM), are comprised of a complex multicomponent nature. The activities are aimed at the system level via interactions with a multitude of targets in the human body. This review aims at the toxicity aspects of CMM and its preparations at the different steps of production; harvesting, processing and the final formulation. The historic perspective and todayââ"šÂ¬Ã¢"žÂ¢s issues of the safety of CMM are introduced briefly, followed by the descriptions of the toxic CMMin the current Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2005). Subsequently, several aspects of safety are illustrated using a typical example of a toxic CMM, Aconitum roots, and some recent findings of our own research are included to illustrate that proper processing and multi-herbs formulation can reduce the level of toxic components. This also explains that in CMM, some herbs, such as Aconitum, Ephedra species are never used as single herb for intervention and that aconite is only used when it is processed and in combination with specific matched other herbs. The formulation principle of multi-herbs intervention strategy is a systems approach for the treatment and prevention of disease. In this light, the role of systems toxicology in the safety and quality of Chinese herbal medicine is proposed as a promising method. Moreover the principles of practiced-based and evidence-based research are discussed from a symbiotic perspective.
AB - Chinese herbal medicines, often referred as Chinese materia medica (CMM), are comprised of a complex multicomponent nature. The activities are aimed at the system level via interactions with a multitude of targets in the human body. This review aims at the toxicity aspects of CMM and its preparations at the different steps of production; harvesting, processing and the final formulation. The historic perspective and todayââ"šÂ¬Ã¢"žÂ¢s issues of the safety of CMM are introduced briefly, followed by the descriptions of the toxic CMMin the current Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2005). Subsequently, several aspects of safety are illustrated using a typical example of a toxic CMM, Aconitum roots, and some recent findings of our own research are included to illustrate that proper processing and multi-herbs formulation can reduce the level of toxic components. This also explains that in CMM, some herbs, such as Aconitum, Ephedra species are never used as single herb for intervention and that aconite is only used when it is processed and in combination with specific matched other herbs. The formulation principle of multi-herbs intervention strategy is a systems approach for the treatment and prevention of disease. In this light, the role of systems toxicology in the safety and quality of Chinese herbal medicine is proposed as a promising method. Moreover the principles of practiced-based and evidence-based research are discussed from a symbiotic perspective.
KW - drugs, Chinese herbal
KW - safety
UR - http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/505539
U2 - 10.1016/j.jep.2009.07.040
DO - 10.1016/j.jep.2009.07.040
M3 - Article
SN - 0378-8741
VL - 126
SP - 31
EP - 41
JO - Journal of Ethnopharmacology
JF - Journal of Ethnopharmacology
IS - 1
ER -