Rose bengal–encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles for the photodynamic treatment of Trichophyton species

Alina Bekmukhametova, Anu Antony, Catriona Halliday, Sharon Chen, Chun-Hoong Ho, Mir Muhammad Nasir Uddin, Leonardo Longo, Christian Pedrinazzi, Laurel George, Richard Wuhrer, Simon Myers, Damia Mawad, Jessica Houang, Antonio Lauto

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Rose bengal (RB) solutions coupled with a green laser have proven to be efficient in clearing resilient nail infections caused by Trichophyton rubrum in a human pilot study and in extensive in vitro experiments. Nonetheless, the RB solution can become diluted or dispersed over the tissue and prevented from penetrating the nail plate to reach the subungual area where fungal infection proliferates. Nanoparticles carrying RB can mitigate the problem of dilution and are reported to effectively penetrate through the nail. For this reason, we have synthesized RB-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles with a peak distribution size of ~200 nm and high reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The RB-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles aPDT were shown to kill more than 99% of T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, and T. interdigitale spores, which are the common clinically relevant pathogens in onychomycosis. These nanoparticles are not cytotoxic against human fibroblasts, which promotes their safe application in clinical translation.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)115-128
Number of pages14
JournalPhotochemistry and Photobiology
Volume100
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Jan 2024

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. Photochemistry and Photobiology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Photobiology.

Open Access - Access Right Statement

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. © 2023 The Authors. Photochemistry and Photobiology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Photobiology.

Notes

WIP in RD

Keywords

  • rose bengal
  • Trichophyton rubrum
  • functionalized nanoparticles
  • photodynamic therapy
  • Trichophyton mentagrophytes
  • Trichophyton interdigitale

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