TY - JOUR
T1 - Significant impacts of the body-mass index, blood pressure, blood glucose, and ankle-brachial index on peripheral neuropathy risk in Indonesian with type 2 diabetes
T2 - a cross-sectional study
AU - Fadlilah, Siti
AU - Amelia, Vivi Leona
AU - Tuppal, Cyruz P.
AU - Chang, Hui-Chen (Rita)
AU - Chang, Ching Wen
AU - Lin, Chia Ling
AU - Tsai, Hsiu Ting
PY - 2025/10
Y1 - 2025/10
N2 - Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is associated with morbidity and mortality in people with diabetes mellitus. Aims: In this study, we determined relationships of the body-mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and ankle-brachial index (ABI) with diabetic peripheral neuropathy risk. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1088 Indonesians and data collected using self-reported questionnaires, laboratory examinations, and physical examinations. Instruments included a digital scale, height measurement device, digital sphygmomanometer, Doppler ultrasound, 10-g monofilament, and a 128-Hz tuning fork. Data analysis used the Chi-square test, Fisher Exact, and multiple logistic regression test with significance p <.05. Results: The BMI (p <.001), blood pressure (p <.001), ABI (p <.001), fasting blood glucose (p =.016), and HbA1c (p <.001) were significantly related to peripheral neuropathy risk. The conditions of obesity, hypertension, high ABI, high fasting blood glucose, and high HbA1c significantly increased the risk of peripheral neuropathy. Moreover, participants with ≥4 co-occurring abnormal levels of the BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and ABI had significantly synergistically increased risks of peripheral neuropathy, and the more abnormal conditions there were, the higher the risk of peripheral neuropathy. Conclusions: Abnormalities of the BMI, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and ABI significantly and synergistically increased the risk of peripheral neuropathy and can be considered predictors of peripheral neuropathy. Nurses are expected to be aware of these predictors so that they can immediately take appropriate steps if they encounter abnormal conditions by optimizing their role as educators.
AB - Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is associated with morbidity and mortality in people with diabetes mellitus. Aims: In this study, we determined relationships of the body-mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and ankle-brachial index (ABI) with diabetic peripheral neuropathy risk. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1088 Indonesians and data collected using self-reported questionnaires, laboratory examinations, and physical examinations. Instruments included a digital scale, height measurement device, digital sphygmomanometer, Doppler ultrasound, 10-g monofilament, and a 128-Hz tuning fork. Data analysis used the Chi-square test, Fisher Exact, and multiple logistic regression test with significance p <.05. Results: The BMI (p <.001), blood pressure (p <.001), ABI (p <.001), fasting blood glucose (p =.016), and HbA1c (p <.001) were significantly related to peripheral neuropathy risk. The conditions of obesity, hypertension, high ABI, high fasting blood glucose, and high HbA1c significantly increased the risk of peripheral neuropathy. Moreover, participants with ≥4 co-occurring abnormal levels of the BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and ABI had significantly synergistically increased risks of peripheral neuropathy, and the more abnormal conditions there were, the higher the risk of peripheral neuropathy. Conclusions: Abnormalities of the BMI, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and ABI significantly and synergistically increased the risk of peripheral neuropathy and can be considered predictors of peripheral neuropathy. Nurses are expected to be aware of these predictors so that they can immediately take appropriate steps if they encounter abnormal conditions by optimizing their role as educators.
KW - ankle-brachial index
KW - blood glucose
KW - diabetes mellitus
KW - hemoglobin A1c
KW - peripheral neuropathy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=105004056441&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://go.openathens.net/redirector/westernsydney.edu.au?url=https://doi.org/10.1177/10998004251336795
U2 - 10.1177/10998004251336795
DO - 10.1177/10998004251336795
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:105004056441
SN - 1099-8004
VL - 27
SP - 558
EP - 569
JO - Biological Research for Nursing
JF - Biological Research for Nursing
IS - 4
ER -
