Single-cell protein : a group of alternative proteins

SCPs represent the bioconversion of raw materials into edible biomass, rich in protein as well as minerals, vitamins and essential fatty acids. SCPs have been recommended as a solution to the threat of protein shortage and global scarcity caused by the fast-growing population of the world. SCP production is considered an effective alternative for animal and plant cultivation because, unlike conventional agricultural methods, high water consumption is not needed; the process has not characterized the use of large areas of land, it does not threaten environmental conditions, does not contribute to climate change and does not generate high greenhouse gas emissions. However, the quantity and quality of microbial protein along with its function as safe food and feed are of utmost significance. Microbes are able to grow on waste materials; therefore, with the objective of developing more economical ways to produce SCPs in industry, suitable agricultural wastes can be used as substrate. Therefore, it reduces production costs, environmental pollution and helps in recycling materials. After many decades, investigations on improving optimal fermentation conditions, more reliable microorganism sources, new and better substrates and possible economical approaches for the quantity, quality and safe enhancement of the products are still being pursued by many researchers.