Socio-economic impact assessment on PV and battery storage integrated energy technologies towards achieving net-zero carbon building

Achieving net-zero buildings requires integrating technological innovation with socio-economic sustainability. Building-integrated photovoltaic systems coupled with battery energy storage (BIPV-BESS) offer a promising pathway to reduce grid dependence, enhance energy self-sufficiency and mitigate carbon emissions. While previous studies have extensively examined technical optimization and economic performance, the socio-economic implications of integrated BIPV-BESS systems remain comparatively underexplored. This study presents a systematic synthesis of recent literature (2014-2025) to identify key enablers and barriers across policy, financial and social dimensions. The findings indicate that, although BIPV-BESS systems improve long-term cost-effectiveness and promote energy equity, widespread adoption is constrained by high upfront capital costs, inconsistent regulatory frameworks and limited public awareness. A comparative evaluation of recent studies further underscores the critical role of stable policy instruments, targeted incentive schemes and inclusive financing mechanisms in accelerating deployment. This work contributes a structured socio-economic assessment framework that integrates technical, financial and behavioural parameters to support policymakers, investors and researchers in designing equitable and resilient energy transition strategies. By linking technological feasibility with socio-economic inclusivity, the study highlights the significant potential of BIPV-BESS systems in advancing sustainable net-zero energy transitions.