Stakeholder's development stack for integrating BIM and blockchain in construction supply Chain

Blockchain is becoming a game-changer for many sectors, noted for its tamper-proof nature that boosts data structures' integrity, auditability, and transparency. It provides the pragmatics within which data exchange between construction supply chain (CSC) stakeholders notably addresses its fragmented character. However, the construction industry is lagging compared to other sectors regarding the share of blockchain business activities. On the other hand, Building Information Modelling (BIM) is globally recognized as the primary catalyst for digital transformation within the construction industry to expedite coordination and data exchange between CSC stakeholders. Even though some existing researchers propose software prototypes to establish the technological feasibility of BIM integration with blockchain, there is a lack of a management model that CSC stakeholders can follow to help the industry manage change and obtain maximum value from the technology to put processes in motion. The philosophy behind the sensing-shaping-seizing framework is used in this paper to reflect what is required to propel companies towards integrating BIM and Blockchain in the Construction Supply Chain through a stakeholder's development stack, drivers and barriers to adoption, and potential disruption points. The research approach was an induction involving two construction enterprises in Australia selected for the knowledge elicitation case studies. The primary contribution of this research to knowledge is the translation of the blockchain technology stack, consisting of the application, protocol, and networking layers, into a holistic understanding of the roles played by each CSC data stakeholder and their motivation to adopt the potential solution at each layer.