The spring festival is associated with increased mortality risk in China : a study based on 285 Chinese locations

G. He; M. Cai; R. Meng; J. Hu; K. Peng; Z. Hou; C. Zhou; X. Xu; Y. Xiao; M. Yu; B. Huang; L. Lin; T. Liu; J. Xiao; W. Gong; R. Hu; J. Li; D. Jin; M. Qin; Q. Zhao; Y. Xu; W. Zeng; X. Li; C. Huang; Lei Si; X. Yang; W. Ma

doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.761060

The spring festival is associated with increased mortality risk in China : a study based on 285 Chinese locations

G. He, M. Cai, R. Meng, J. Hu, K. Peng, Z. Hou, C. Zhou, X. Xu, Y. Xiao, M. Yu, B. Huang, L. Lin, T. Liu, J. Xiao, W. Gong, R. Hu, J. Li, D. Jin, M. Qin, Q. ZhaoY. Xu, W. Zeng, X. Li, C. Huang, Lei Si, X. Yang, W. Ma

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Background: The Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. This study aimed to estimate the mortality risk attributable to the Spring Festival. Methods: Between 2013 and 2017, daily meteorological, air pollution, and mortality data were collected from 285 locations in China. The Spring Festival was divided into three periods: pre-Spring Festival (16 days before Lunar New Year's Eve), mid-Spring Festival (16 days from Lunar New Year's Eve to Lantern Festival), and post-Spring Festival (16 days after Lantern Festival). The mortality risk attributed to the Spring Festival in each location was first evaluated using a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM), and then it was pooled using a meta-analysis model. Results: We observed a dip/rise mortality pattern during the Spring Festival. Pre-Spring Festival was significantly associated with decreased mortality risk (ER: −1.58%, 95%CI: −3.09% to −0.05%), and mid-Spring Festival was unrelated to mortality risks, while post-Spring Festival was significantly associated with increased mortality risk (ER: 3.63%, 95%CI: 2.15–5.12%). Overall, a 48-day Spring Festival period was associated with a 2.11% (95%CI: 0.91–3.33%) increased mortality. We also found that the elderly aged over 64 years old, women, people with cardiovascular disease (CVD), and people living in urban areas were more vulnerable to the Spring Festival. Conclusion: Our study found that the Spring Festival significantly increased the mortality risk in China. These findings suggest that it is necessary to develop clinical and public health policies to alleviate the mortality burden associated with the Spring Festival.

Original language	English
Article number	761060
Number of pages	9
Journal	Frontiers in Medicine
Volume	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.761060
Publication status	Published - 2 Mar 2022

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2022 He, Cai, Meng, Hu, Peng, Hou, Zhou, Xu, Xiao, Yu, Huang, Lin, Liu, Xiao, Gong, Hu, Li, Jin, Qin, Zhao, Xu, Zeng, Li, Huang, Si, Yang and Ma.

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© 2022 He, Cai, Meng, Hu, Peng, Hou, Zhou, Xu, Xiao, Yu, Huang, Lin, Liu, Xiao, Gong, Hu, Li, Jin, Qin, Zhao, Xu, Zeng, Li, Huang, Si, Yang and Ma. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Cite this

He, G., Cai, M., Meng, R., Hu, J., Peng, K., Hou, Z., Zhou, C., Xu, X., Xiao, Y., Yu, M., Huang, B., Lin, L., Liu, T., Xiao, J., Gong, W., Hu, R., Li, J., Jin, D., Qin, M., ... Ma, W. (2022). The spring festival is associated with increased mortality risk in China : a study based on 285 Chinese locations. Frontiers in Medicine, 9, Article 761060. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.761060

@article{d4d67cf419d54774adba538a68b99ebf,

title = "The spring festival is associated with increased mortality risk in China : a study based on 285 Chinese locations",

abstract = "Background: The Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. This study aimed to estimate the mortality risk attributable to the Spring Festival. Methods: Between 2013 and 2017, daily meteorological, air pollution, and mortality data were collected from 285 locations in China. The Spring Festival was divided into three periods: pre-Spring Festival (16 days before Lunar New Year's Eve), mid-Spring Festival (16 days from Lunar New Year's Eve to Lantern Festival), and post-Spring Festival (16 days after Lantern Festival). The mortality risk attributed to the Spring Festival in each location was first evaluated using a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM), and then it was pooled using a meta-analysis model. Results: We observed a dip/rise mortality pattern during the Spring Festival. Pre-Spring Festival was significantly associated with decreased mortality risk (ER: −1.58%, 95%CI: −3.09% to −0.05%), and mid-Spring Festival was unrelated to mortality risks, while post-Spring Festival was significantly associated with increased mortality risk (ER: 3.63%, 95%CI: 2.15–5.12%). Overall, a 48-day Spring Festival period was associated with a 2.11% (95%CI: 0.91–3.33%) increased mortality. We also found that the elderly aged over 64 years old, women, people with cardiovascular disease (CVD), and people living in urban areas were more vulnerable to the Spring Festival. Conclusion: Our study found that the Spring Festival significantly increased the mortality risk in China. These findings suggest that it is necessary to develop clinical and public health policies to alleviate the mortality burden associated with the Spring Festival.",

author = "G. He and M. Cai and R. Meng and J. Hu and K. Peng and Z. Hou and C. Zhou and X. Xu and Y. Xiao and M. Yu and B. Huang and L. Lin and T. Liu and J. Xiao and W. Gong and R. Hu and J. Li and D. Jin and M. Qin and Q. Zhao and Y. Xu and W. Zeng and X. Li and C. Huang and Lei Si and X. Yang and W. Ma",

note = "Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2022 He, Cai, Meng, Hu, Peng, Hou, Zhou, Xu, Xiao, Yu, Huang, Lin, Liu, Xiao, Gong, Hu, Li, Jin, Qin, Zhao, Xu, Zeng, Li, Huang, Si, Yang and Ma.",

year = "2022",

month = mar,

day = "2",

doi = "10.3389/fmed.2022.761060",

language = "English",

volume = "9",

journal = "Frontiers in Medicine",

issn = "2296-858X",

publisher = "Frontiers Media SA",

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He, G, Cai, M, Meng, R, Hu, J, Peng, K, Hou, Z, Zhou, C, Xu, X, Xiao, Y, Yu, M, Huang, B, Lin, L, Liu, T, Xiao, J, Gong, W, Hu, R, Li, J, Jin, D, Qin, M, Zhao, Q, Xu, Y, Zeng, W, Li, X, Huang, C, Si, L, Yang, X & Ma, W 2022, 'The spring festival is associated with increased mortality risk in China : a study based on 285 Chinese locations', Frontiers in Medicine, vol. 9, 761060. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.761060

TY - JOUR

T1 - The spring festival is associated with increased mortality risk in China : a study based on 285 Chinese locations

AU - He, G.

AU - Cai, M.

AU - Meng, R.

AU - Hu, J.

AU - Peng, K.

AU - Hou, Z.

AU - Zhou, C.

AU - Xu, X.

AU - Xiao, Y.

AU - Yu, M.

AU - Huang, B.

AU - Lin, L.

AU - Liu, T.

AU - Xiao, J.

AU - Gong, W.

AU - Hu, R.

AU - Li, J.

AU - Jin, D.

AU - Qin, M.

AU - Zhao, Q.

AU - Xu, Y.

AU - Zeng, W.

AU - Li, X.

AU - Huang, C.

AU - Si, Lei

AU - Yang, X.

AU - Ma, W.

PY - 2022/3/2

Y1 - 2022/3/2

N2 - Background: The Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. This study aimed to estimate the mortality risk attributable to the Spring Festival. Methods: Between 2013 and 2017, daily meteorological, air pollution, and mortality data were collected from 285 locations in China. The Spring Festival was divided into three periods: pre-Spring Festival (16 days before Lunar New Year's Eve), mid-Spring Festival (16 days from Lunar New Year's Eve to Lantern Festival), and post-Spring Festival (16 days after Lantern Festival). The mortality risk attributed to the Spring Festival in each location was first evaluated using a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM), and then it was pooled using a meta-analysis model. Results: We observed a dip/rise mortality pattern during the Spring Festival. Pre-Spring Festival was significantly associated with decreased mortality risk (ER: −1.58%, 95%CI: −3.09% to −0.05%), and mid-Spring Festival was unrelated to mortality risks, while post-Spring Festival was significantly associated with increased mortality risk (ER: 3.63%, 95%CI: 2.15–5.12%). Overall, a 48-day Spring Festival period was associated with a 2.11% (95%CI: 0.91–3.33%) increased mortality. We also found that the elderly aged over 64 years old, women, people with cardiovascular disease (CVD), and people living in urban areas were more vulnerable to the Spring Festival. Conclusion: Our study found that the Spring Festival significantly increased the mortality risk in China. These findings suggest that it is necessary to develop clinical and public health policies to alleviate the mortality burden associated with the Spring Festival.

AB - Background: The Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. This study aimed to estimate the mortality risk attributable to the Spring Festival. Methods: Between 2013 and 2017, daily meteorological, air pollution, and mortality data were collected from 285 locations in China. The Spring Festival was divided into three periods: pre-Spring Festival (16 days before Lunar New Year's Eve), mid-Spring Festival (16 days from Lunar New Year's Eve to Lantern Festival), and post-Spring Festival (16 days after Lantern Festival). The mortality risk attributed to the Spring Festival in each location was first evaluated using a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM), and then it was pooled using a meta-analysis model. Results: We observed a dip/rise mortality pattern during the Spring Festival. Pre-Spring Festival was significantly associated with decreased mortality risk (ER: −1.58%, 95%CI: −3.09% to −0.05%), and mid-Spring Festival was unrelated to mortality risks, while post-Spring Festival was significantly associated with increased mortality risk (ER: 3.63%, 95%CI: 2.15–5.12%). Overall, a 48-day Spring Festival period was associated with a 2.11% (95%CI: 0.91–3.33%) increased mortality. We also found that the elderly aged over 64 years old, women, people with cardiovascular disease (CVD), and people living in urban areas were more vulnerable to the Spring Festival. Conclusion: Our study found that the Spring Festival significantly increased the mortality risk in China. These findings suggest that it is necessary to develop clinical and public health policies to alleviate the mortality burden associated with the Spring Festival.

UR - https://hdl.handle.net/1959.7/uws:78489

U2 - 10.3389/fmed.2022.761060

DO - 10.3389/fmed.2022.761060

M3 - Article

SN - 2296-858X

VL - 9

JO - Frontiers in Medicine

JF - Frontiers in Medicine

M1 - 761060

ER -

The spring festival is associated with increased mortality risk in China : a study based on 285 Chinese locations

Abstract

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