The unmet needs of emerging adults with a cancer diagnosis : a qualitative study

Background: Emerging adulthood is the life stage between adolescence and young adulthood, and it has been associated with several important developmental milestones. A cancer diagnosis has the potential to disrupt the normal achievement of these milestones. Many psychosocial themes relevant to emerging adults living with cancer have been identified, but there has been only limited research into the needs of this group. Objective: The present study seeks to contribute to this limited research base and inform our understanding of the needs of emerging adults with a diagnosis of cancer from a developmental perspective that appreciates the key transitional tasks of emerging adulthood. Methods: This needs-based qualitative study was conducted with 14 young people with a diagnosis of cancer, aged 20 to 25 years. Nine participated in a focus group, and the remaining 5 participated in 1-on-1 telephone interviews. Results: The needs of these emerging adults in relation to their cancer experience were grouped into 6 themes: information, healthcare provision, daily living, interpersonal support, identity renegotiation, and emotional distress. Conclusion: A cancer experience poses the potential for significant impact on the 4 main requirements for the achievement of adulthood: accepting responsibility for oneself, deciding on personal beliefs and values, establishing relationships with parents as equals, and becoming financially independent. Implications for Practice: This study provides a useful framework for understanding the needs of emerging adults with a diagnosis of cancer that will assist healthcare professionals in the development and delivery of more targeted supportive care and interventions.