Traditional health services utilization among Indigenous peoples

Traditional health services (THS) play a significant role in the health care systems of indigenous peoples in developed and developing nations (World Health Organization 2002). In most rural areas, in particular, THS provide the main source of care for many people (Sermsri, 1989; Suwankhong, Liamputtong, and Rumbold 2012). The principles of THS are related to natural, folk, and spiritual remedies and these involve the use of plants and herbs, physical manipulation, spiritual healing rituals, and religious practices, rather than basing on scientific premises (Sermsri 1989; Kayne 2010). These principles are continually practiced by indigenous healers through their healing traditions, which link with historical circumstances, social contexts, and the cultural beliefs of indigenous peoples to achieve a desired outcome (World Health Organization 2002).