TY - JOUR
T1 - Trends of mortality attributable to child and maternal undernutrition, overweight/obesity and dietary risk factors of non-communicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, 1990-2015 : findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
AU - Melaku, Yohannes Adama
AU - Gill, Tiffany K.
AU - Taylor, Anne W.
AU - Appleton, Sarah L.
AU - Gonzalez-Chica, David
AU - Adams, Robert
AU - Achoki, Tom
AU - Shi, Zumin
AU - Renzaho, Andre
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Objective: To assess trends of mortality attributable to child and maternal undernutrition (CMU), overweight/obesity and dietary risks of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2015. Design: For each risk factor, a systematic review of data was used to compute the exposure level and the effect size. A Bayesian hierarchical meta-regression analysis was used to estimate the exposure level of the risk factors by age, sex, geography and year. The burden of all-cause mortality attributable to CMU, fourteen dietary risk factors (eight diets, five nutrients and fibre intake) and overweight/obesity was estimated. Setting: Sub-Saharan Africa. Participants: All age groups and both sexes. Results: In 2015, CMU, overweight/obesity and dietary risks of NCD accounted for 826 204 (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 737 346, 923 789), 266 768 (95% UI 189 051, 353 096) and 558 578 (95% UI 453 433, 680 197) deaths, respectively, representing 103% (95% UI 91, 116 %), 33% (95% UI 24, 44%) and 70% (95% UI 58, 83%) of all-cause mortality. While the age-standardized proportion of all-cause mortality accounted for by CMU decreased by 552% between 1990 and 2015 in SSA, it increased by 633 and 172% for overweight/obesity and dietary risks of NCD, respectively. Conclusions: The increasing burden of diet- and obesity-related diseases and the reduction of mortality attributable to CMU indicate that SSA is undergoing a rapid nutritional transition. To tackle the impact in SSA, interventions and international development agendas should also target dietary risks associated with NCD and overweight/obesity.
AB - Objective: To assess trends of mortality attributable to child and maternal undernutrition (CMU), overweight/obesity and dietary risks of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2015. Design: For each risk factor, a systematic review of data was used to compute the exposure level and the effect size. A Bayesian hierarchical meta-regression analysis was used to estimate the exposure level of the risk factors by age, sex, geography and year. The burden of all-cause mortality attributable to CMU, fourteen dietary risk factors (eight diets, five nutrients and fibre intake) and overweight/obesity was estimated. Setting: Sub-Saharan Africa. Participants: All age groups and both sexes. Results: In 2015, CMU, overweight/obesity and dietary risks of NCD accounted for 826 204 (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 737 346, 923 789), 266 768 (95% UI 189 051, 353 096) and 558 578 (95% UI 453 433, 680 197) deaths, respectively, representing 103% (95% UI 91, 116 %), 33% (95% UI 24, 44%) and 70% (95% UI 58, 83%) of all-cause mortality. While the age-standardized proportion of all-cause mortality accounted for by CMU decreased by 552% between 1990 and 2015 in SSA, it increased by 633 and 172% for overweight/obesity and dietary risks of NCD, respectively. Conclusions: The increasing burden of diet- and obesity-related diseases and the reduction of mortality attributable to CMU indicate that SSA is undergoing a rapid nutritional transition. To tackle the impact in SSA, interventions and international development agendas should also target dietary risks associated with NCD and overweight/obesity.
KW - Africa, Sub-Saharan
KW - children
KW - chronic diseases
KW - diet
KW - mortality
KW - mothers
KW - nutrition
KW - obesity
UR - http://handle.westernsydney.edu.au:8081/1959.7/uws:49368
U2 - 10.1017/S1368980018002975
DO - 10.1017/S1368980018002975
M3 - Article
SN - 1475-2727
SN - 1368-9800
VL - 22
SP - 827
EP - 840
JO - Public Health Nutrition
JF - Public Health Nutrition
IS - 5
ER -