Trends of mortality attributable to child and maternal undernutrition, overweight/obesity and dietary risk factors of non-communicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, 1990-2015 : findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Yohannes Adama Melaku, Tiffany K. Gill, Anne W. Taylor, Sarah L. Appleton, David Gonzalez-Chica, Robert Adams, Tom Achoki, Zumin Shi, Andre Renzaho

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

17 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Objective: To assess trends of mortality attributable to child and maternal undernutrition (CMU), overweight/obesity and dietary risks of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2015. Design: For each risk factor, a systematic review of data was used to compute the exposure level and the effect size. A Bayesian hierarchical meta-regression analysis was used to estimate the exposure level of the risk factors by age, sex, geography and year. The burden of all-cause mortality attributable to CMU, fourteen dietary risk factors (eight diets, five nutrients and fibre intake) and overweight/obesity was estimated. Setting: Sub-Saharan Africa. Participants: All age groups and both sexes. Results: In 2015, CMU, overweight/obesity and dietary risks of NCD accounted for 826 204 (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 737 346, 923 789), 266 768 (95% UI 189 051, 353 096) and 558 578 (95% UI 453 433, 680 197) deaths, respectively, representing 103% (95% UI 91, 116 %), 33% (95% UI 24, 44%) and 70% (95% UI 58, 83%) of all-cause mortality. While the age-standardized proportion of all-cause mortality accounted for by CMU decreased by 552% between 1990 and 2015 in SSA, it increased by 633 and 172% for overweight/obesity and dietary risks of NCD, respectively. Conclusions: The increasing burden of diet- and obesity-related diseases and the reduction of mortality attributable to CMU indicate that SSA is undergoing a rapid nutritional transition. To tackle the impact in SSA, interventions and international development agendas should also target dietary risks associated with NCD and overweight/obesity.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)827-840
Number of pages14
JournalPublic Health Nutrition
Volume22
Issue number5
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2019

Keywords

  • Africa, Sub-Saharan
  • children
  • chronic diseases
  • diet
  • mortality
  • mothers
  • nutrition
  • obesity

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