Understanding the HIV and AIDS-food insecurity vicious cycle: Implication for policy and program planning

Recent years have seen a groundswell of support for research and program responses that address the negative two-way relationship between HIV/AIDS and food security. While the evidence base for the HIV/AIDS-food insecurity nexus is growing, program responses remain poorly documented and consensus on 'best practice' has yet to emerge. The first step towards more effective programming in response to the HIV/AIDS- food security vicious cycle is a clearer understanding and measurement of the linkages, documentation of what works and why, and dissemination of lessons learned. This chapter draws significantly from evaluations carried out by Renzaho and others in the areas of HIV/AIDS, livelihoods and agriculture, food security and nutrition and public health. Applying the conceptual framework and tools developed and pioneered at the International Food Policy Research Centre's Regional Network on AIDS, Livelihoods and Food Security (RENEWAL),1 the chapter attempts to document the initiatives underway and chart a course forward. Breaking the vicious cycle of HIV/AIDS, poverty and food insecurity will require creative application of what we already know as well as considerable innovation. Evidence thus far points to the fact that effective responses will be multisectoral, integrated and community-driven.