TY - JOUR
T1 - Using a paired tower approach and remote sensing to assess carbon sequestration and energy distribution in a heterogeneous sclerophyll forest
AU - Griebel, Anne
AU - Metzen, Daniel
AU - Boer, Matthias M.
AU - Barton, Craig V. M.
AU - Renchon, Alexandre A.
AU - Andrews, Holly M.
AU - Pendall, Elise
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - The critically endangered Cumberland Plain woodland within the greater Sydney metropolitan area hosts a dwindling refuge for melaleuca trees, an integral part of Australia's native vegetation. Despite their high carbon stocks, melaleucas have not explicitly been targeted for studies assessing their carbon sequestration potential, and especially little is known about their energy cycling or their response to increasing climate stress, precluding a holistic assessment of the resilience of Australia's forests to climate change. To improve our understanding of the role of melaleuca forest responses to climate stress, we combined forest inventory and airborne LiDAR data to identify species distribution and associated variations in forest structure, and deployed flux towers in a melaleuca-dominated (AU-Mel) and in a eucalypt-dominated (AU-Cum) stand to simultaneously monitor carbon and energy fluxes under typical growing conditions, as well as during periods with high atmospheric demand and low soil water content. We discovered that the species distribution at our study site affected the vertical vegetation structure, leading to differences in canopy coverage (75% at AU-Cum vs. 84% at AU-Mel) and plant area index (2.1"¯m2"¯m−2 at AU-Cum vs. 2.6"¯m2"¯m−2 at AU-Mel) that resulted in a heterogeneous forest landscape. Furthermore, we identified that both stands had comparable net daytime carbon exchange and sensible heat flux, whereas daytime latent heat flux (115.8"¯W"¯m−2 at AU-Cum vs 119.4"¯W"¯m−2 at AU-Mel, respectively) was higher at the melaleuca stand, contributing to a 0.3"¯Ã‚°C decrease in air temperature and reduced vapor pressure deficit above the melaleuca canopy. However, increased canopy conductance and higher latent heat flux during moderate VPD or when soil moisture was low indicated a lack of water preservation at the melaleuca stand, highlighting the potential for increased vulnerability of melaleucas to projected hotter and drier future climates.
AB - The critically endangered Cumberland Plain woodland within the greater Sydney metropolitan area hosts a dwindling refuge for melaleuca trees, an integral part of Australia's native vegetation. Despite their high carbon stocks, melaleucas have not explicitly been targeted for studies assessing their carbon sequestration potential, and especially little is known about their energy cycling or their response to increasing climate stress, precluding a holistic assessment of the resilience of Australia's forests to climate change. To improve our understanding of the role of melaleuca forest responses to climate stress, we combined forest inventory and airborne LiDAR data to identify species distribution and associated variations in forest structure, and deployed flux towers in a melaleuca-dominated (AU-Mel) and in a eucalypt-dominated (AU-Cum) stand to simultaneously monitor carbon and energy fluxes under typical growing conditions, as well as during periods with high atmospheric demand and low soil water content. We discovered that the species distribution at our study site affected the vertical vegetation structure, leading to differences in canopy coverage (75% at AU-Cum vs. 84% at AU-Mel) and plant area index (2.1"¯m2"¯m−2 at AU-Cum vs. 2.6"¯m2"¯m−2 at AU-Mel) that resulted in a heterogeneous forest landscape. Furthermore, we identified that both stands had comparable net daytime carbon exchange and sensible heat flux, whereas daytime latent heat flux (115.8"¯W"¯m−2 at AU-Cum vs 119.4"¯W"¯m−2 at AU-Mel, respectively) was higher at the melaleuca stand, contributing to a 0.3"¯Ã‚°C decrease in air temperature and reduced vapor pressure deficit above the melaleuca canopy. However, increased canopy conductance and higher latent heat flux during moderate VPD or when soil moisture was low indicated a lack of water preservation at the melaleuca stand, highlighting the potential for increased vulnerability of melaleucas to projected hotter and drier future climates.
KW - Cumberland Plain (N.S.W.)
KW - Melaleuca
KW - endemic plants
KW - forests and forestry
KW - radar in surveying
UR - http://handle.westernsydney.edu.au:8081/1959.7/uws:52707
U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133918
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133918
M3 - Article
SN - 0048-9697
VL - 699
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
M1 - 133918
ER -