Vulnerability and mental health

The vulnerability of children has long been recognized in terms of their development needs and the importance of protecting their physical health. The extent, severity and impact of their mental health problems, including the particular vulnerabilities associated with such problems in both childhood and through to adult life, have been less of a public health priority. Vulnerabilities come in many forms, all of which may impact on the mental health and wellbeing of children and may do so in complex ways. These include the diversity of family structures, of cultures, of childrearing practices, the influence of developmental trajectories, experiences of illness and disability in child or parent and multiple strengths, resilience and protective factors. In understanding the patterns and sources of vulnerability, several themes need to be taken into account. Advocacy is also a central issue. Children do not have a political voice. The most vulnerable children from the most vulnerable families are rarely heard. This brings a responsibility for all, in terms of advocacy, engagement with their issues and recognition and building of their strengths and hearing their voices in all these matters.