Yang, P. (2007). Nonverbal affiliative phenomena in Mandarin conversation. Journal of Intercultural Communication, 7(3), 1-36. https://doi.org/10.36923/jicc.v7i3.448

Based on naturally occurring audio-video data collected from university campus settings, this study has identified four nonverbal actions ¾ zhùshì "gaze", diăntóu "head nods", wÄ“xiào "gentle smile" and shÅuchù " hand touch" employed by Mandarin Chinese speakers in their interpersonal communication. Detailed data analysis and discussion reveal how Mandarin Chinese speakers manage their affiliation and attachment nonverbally with the co-participants in conversations. Finally, the significance of the study is discussed.