Collaborative advancements in green supply chain management of the food and beverage sector: towards net-zero emission targets

Abstract

With a series of publications, this PhD thesis comprehensively explores the role of environmental collaborations in GSCM practices and achieving net-zero emission targets in the milieu of food supply chains. It seeks to investigate the effectiveness of collaborative approaches such as sustainable sourcing practices, industrial symbiosis, pollution halo effects, environmental disclosures, life cycle assessments, closed-loop supply chains, strategic environmental management, sustainable business modelling, and environmental compliances in minimizing emissions throughout the food supply chains. This PhD dissertation presents a comprehensive investigation into environmental sustainability within global supply chains through four peer-reviewed publications outlined below. The first paper explores the adoption of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices in developing countries by foreign corporations. It critically analyzes existing GSCM literature to identify high-priority drivers and promising practices relevant to developing countries. A novel conceptual framework is proposed, emphasizing collaborative efforts among foreign and domestic firms, governments, customers, and suppliers to enhance environmental sustainability. The theoretical model has significant potential to create a pollution halo effect for green industrial zones in developing countries. The second paper centres on Walmart's exemplary management practices, particularly in evaluating and reducing Scope 3 emissions within its supply chains. Using life cycle assessment (LCA) and the Agribalyse database, critical hotspots in upstream food supply chains are identified. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of Walmart's sustainability insight system, Project gigaton, and Blockchain technology in mitigating environmental burdens. A generic hotspot resolution model is presented for global food supply chains, enabling firms to implement best practices for emissions reduction. The third paper addresses the pressing need for net-zero emission targets in the food and beverage industry. By analyzing data from 252 companies reporting to the Carbon Disclosure Project, a sustainable business model (SBM) is proposed, integrating Environmental Sustainability Factors (ESFs) with Osterwalder's business model canvas. The resulting archetype enables businesses to deliver "net-zero" or "carbon-neutral" value to customers. The study emphasizes the benefits of environmental collaborations, providing essential support for sustainability theories and assisting Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in developing strategic business models for emission reduction. The fourth paper delves into the influence of government regulations on the green supply chain management practices of prominent food and beverage companies. By analyzing case studies of five renowned companies, the study examines the impact of government interventions on their supply chains. It highlights the dimensions of environmental sustainability that necessitate engagement with regulatory authorities, offering recommendations for effective government-industry partnerships in the food sector. This PhD dissertation contributes to the existing literature by providing insights into the dynamic capabilities and collaborative efforts of foreign corporations and food industry leaders in addressing environmental challenges. It offers practical strategies for enhancing environmental sustainability in global supply chains and lays the foundation for further research in this critical area.

Date of Thesis submission	2023
Original language	English
Awarding Institution	Western Sydney University
Supervisor	Henry Lau (Supervisor)