Method to evaluate alternative camera systems for fingermark capture

Abstract

Fingerprints are an important form of identification evidence that often require photographic documentation. Fingerprints can be found in difficult-to-reach places at crime scenes or on evidence items where an investigator cannot easily access the print with a conventional camera. These locations prevent a camera from capturing a distortion free image. Examples of such spaces include behind a fixed object such as a door handle, or within a confined space. Alternative methods, such as the use of a fingerprint lift and/or the use of additional equipment (e.g. a mirror), need to be implemented in these situations. Current recovery practices for fingerprints located in difficult locations present multiple risks. This project aimed to develop an overarching methodology to evaluate the suitability of alternative camera devices for fingerprint capture in difficult-to-reach places. The aim was therefore not to determine which alternate camera is best suited, but rather to provide a method that can be applied to assess an alternate camera for its suitability to capture fingerprints. An overarching evaluation methodology is needed to ensure alternative camera devices fulfill the requirements set by Australian New Zealand Policing Advisory Agency (ANZPAA) and the Scientific Working Group on Digital Evidence (SWGDE) guidelines for forensic photographic fingerprint capture. Throughout this project, a variety of different tests were developed and undertaken on a selection of representative alternate camera design types, to evaluate parameters hypothesised to be important for evaluative purposes, including image quality, fingerprint image quality, and crime scene practicality. An overall reflection was conducted on the outcomes of the experiments undertaken as part of this project. This helped formulate a final overall approach for evaluating alternative camera systems for fingerprint recovery. The method developed highlighted key tests to be conducted on alternate cameras to ensure they are suitable for fingerprint recovery. The method tests the resolution, contrast, pixel per inch (PPI), depth of field (DOF), ability to capture different types of fingerprint powder, fingerprint image quality, and practical components relating to operational suitability. The method developed through this project will aid organisations in evaluating their own selection of alternative camera devices for fingerprint capture in difficult-to-reach places, thus potentially improving the workflow for their investigators.

Date of Thesis submission	2024
Original language	English
Awarding Institution	Western Sydney University
Supervisor	Robert Ebeyan (Supervisor), Val Spikmans (Supervisor), Steven Dunn (Supervisor) & Amanda Frick (Supervisor)